Sensors convert a physical quantity into a resistance or voltage. The sensors are connected to an ECU that reads the voltage level or frequency of the sensor signal. The ECU translates the sensor signal into a speed, pressure, temperature or sees an on or off signal. On the “sensor types and signals” page, the different categories are listed in which we classify sensors in the automotive industry (passive, active, intelligent) and the signal transmission between sensor and ECU (AM, FM, PWM). If it turns out that a sensor signal is not correct, we can use the voltmeter or oscilloscope to search for the cause: is it due to the sensor, the wiring, or the ECU? These measurement techniques are described on the “troubleshooting in wiring” page.
Furthermore, this page lists the sensors that we often encounter in the automotive on the body, chassis, in the engine compartment, or in the interior/cabin.
The operation, application, and possible malfunctions with measurement techniques of these sensors are described on each page.