Passenger cars have been equipped with internal combustion engines for decades. Gasoline and diesel engines are still popular and will continue to be used in new passenger and commercial vehicles at least until 2035. It is possible that after 2035 new vehicles with internal combustion engines may still be sold, but only with synthetic fuels. Electrification (in the form of hybrid or fully electric vehicles) is increasing significantly, but will not fully replace the internal combustion engine in the short term. It is expected that people will keep driving their (older) cars with internal combustion engines for longer as governments increasingly compel automakers to move new vehicles toward “zero-emission” by bringing only fully electric vehicles to market, in order to improve urban air quality and meet climate targets.
